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NEET CRASH COURSE PAPER -8 | Mineral Nutrition
1. Leguminous plants are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen through the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation . Which one of the following statements is not correct for this process of nitrogen fixation ?
( a ) Leghaemoglobin scavenges oxygen and is pinkish in colour
( b ) Nodules act as sites for nitrogen fixation
( c ) The enzyme nitrogenase catalyses the conversion of atmospheric N₂ to NH3 ( d ) Nitrogenase is insensitive to oxygen
2. Manganese is required in
( a ) plant cell wall formation
( b ) photolysis of water during photosynthesis
( c ) chlorophyll synthesis
( d ) nucleic acid synthesis .
3 . Select the correct matches among the following
( A ) Nitrosomonas - Nitrite to nitrate
( B ) Thiobacillus - Denitrification
( C ) Nostoc - Free - living nitrogen - fixer
( D ) Azotobacter - Anaerobic nitrogen - fixer
( a ) A and B
( b ) C and D
( c ) B and C
( d ) B and D
4 . Which group of plant can grow in nitrogen deficient soil ?
( a ) lichens
( b ) gymnosperm
( c ) bryophytes
( d ) insectivorous
5 . Minerals are absorbed by a plant from the soil by process
( a ) independent of water absorption
( b ) dependent on water absorption
( c ) dependent on strength of solutions
( d ) dependent on osmosis
6 . Farmers in a particular region were concerned that pre - mature yellowing of leaves of a pulse crop might cause decrease in the yield . Which treatment could be most beneficial to obtain maximum seed yield ?
( a ) Application of iron and magnesium to promote synthesis of chlorophyll
( b ) Frequent irrigation of the crop
( c ) Treatment of the plants with cytokinins along with a small dose of nitrogenous fertilizer
( d ) Removal of all yellow leaves and spraying the remaining green leaves with 2 , 4 , 5 - trichloro phenoxy acetic acid
7 . The major portion of the dry weight of plants comprises of
( a ) nitrogen , phosphorus and potassium
( b ) calcium , magnesium and sulphur
( c ) carbon , nitrogen and hydrogen
( d ) carbon , hydrogen and oxygen .
8 . The deficiencies of micronutrients , not only affects growth of plants but also vital functions such as photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron flow . Among the list given below , which group of three elements shall affect most , both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport ?
( a ) Co , Ni , Mo
( b ) Ca , K , Na
( c ) Mn , Co , Ca
( d ) Cu , Mn , Fe
9 . Nitrogen fixation in root nodules of Alnus is brought about by
( a ) Frankia
( b ) Azorhizobium
( c ) Bradyrhizobium
( d ) Clostridium .
10. The function of leghaemoglobin during biological nitrogen fixation in root nodules of legumes is to
( a ) convert atmospheric N₂ to NH3
( b ) convert ammonia to nitrite
( c ) transport oxygen for activity of nitrogenase
( d ) protect nitrogenase from oxygen .
11. Which is essential for root hair growth ?
( a ) Zn
( b ) Ca
( c ) Mo
( d ) S
12. Which of the following formula describes nitrogen fixation ?
( a ) N₂ + 3H₂→ 2NH3
( b ) 2NH3 → N₂ + 3H₂
( c ) 2NH+4 + 2O₂ + 8e- → N₂ + 4H₂O
( d ) 2N₂ + glucose → 2 amino acids
13. Which of following mineral nutrients plays an important role in biological nitrogen fixation ?
( a ) zinc
( b ) iron
( c ) molybdenum
( d ) magnesium
14. Mg or Fe plays an important role in
( a ) opening and closing of stomata
( b ) chlorophyll formation
( c ) dissociation of chlorophyll
( d ) ascent of sap .
15. Which of the following is not essential macroelement for the growth of plants ?
( a ) N
( b ) Ca
( c ) Zn
( d ) K
16. Which of the following minerals needed for the activity of enzymes required for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoproteins ?
( a ) Mn
( b ) Mg
( c ) Cu
( d ) Mo
17. Chlorosis is produced in leaves due to deficiency of Fe , Mg , Mn , N or S. Of these essential elements those that are exclusive constituents of chlorophyll molecules are
( a ) Fe and S
( b ) N and S
( c ) Mg and S
( d ) Mg and N.
18. Appearance of brown spots surrounded by chlorotic veins is a prominent toxicity symptom of
( a ) Mn
( b ) Mo
( c ) Mg
( d ) Zn .
19. Plants required which one of the following for the formation of ATP ?
( a ) N , Ca
( b ) N , P
( c ) N , Cu
( d ) K.
20. The macronutrient which is an essential component of all organic compounds , yet not obtained by plants from soil , is
( a ) nitrogen
( b ) carbon
( c ) phosphorous
( d ) magnesium .
21. The component of nitrogenase & nitrogen reductase is
( a ) N
( b ) Mo
( c ) CO
( d ) no specific component
22. Which one of the following is not the correct statement ?
( a ) Nitrogen deficiency symptoms first appear in younger leaves .
( b ) Phosphorous is a structural component of cellular energy currency .
( c ) The ionic concentration of potassium in guard cells regulates stomatal movement .
( d ) Cytochrome c is a copper containing protein
23. The deficiency of this micro - nutrient results in little leaf disease
( a ) copper
( b ) zinc
( c ) boron
( d ) iron .
24. Nitrates are converted to nitrogen
( a ) nitrogen fixing bacteria
( b ) ammonification bacteria
( c ) denitrifying bacteria
( d ) nitrifying bacteria .
25. Which of the following is the importance of molybdenum in plant metabolism ?
( a ) carbon assimilation
( b ) plant breeding
( c ) nitrate reduction
( d ) chromosome contraction
26. Nitrite is converted to nitrate by
( a ) Nitrosomonas
( b ) Nitrobacter
( c ) Pseudomonas
( d ) Clostridium
27. Which one of the following is not a microelement for plants ?
( a ) Cu
( b ) B
( c ) Zn
( d ) Cr
28. Which of these elements are very useful in photosynthesis ?
( a ) Cu , Co , Fe
( b ) Cu , Mo , Zn
( c ) Mg , Co , Mn
( d ) Mg , Fe , Mn , Cu , Cl , P
29. Which one of the following elements is not remobilised in leaf ?
( a ) Nitrogen
( b ) Phosphorus
( c ) Potassium
( d ) Calcium
30. Which of the following is the function of nitrifying bacteria ?
( a ) oxidise NH3 to NO3-
( b ) converts NO3- to NH3
( c ) oxidise NH3 to NH4
( d ) converts NO3- to N₂
31. Necrosis , or death of tissue particularly leaf tissue , is due to the deficiency of
( a ) Leghaemoglobin scavenges oxygen and is pinkish in colour
( b ) Nodules act as sites for nitrogen fixation
( c ) The enzyme nitrogenase catalyses the conversion of atmospheric N₂ to NH3 ( d ) Nitrogenase is insensitive to oxygen
2. Manganese is required in
( a ) plant cell wall formation
( b ) photolysis of water during photosynthesis
( c ) chlorophyll synthesis
( d ) nucleic acid synthesis .
3 . Select the correct matches among the following
( A ) Nitrosomonas - Nitrite to nitrate
( B ) Thiobacillus - Denitrification
( C ) Nostoc - Free - living nitrogen - fixer
( D ) Azotobacter - Anaerobic nitrogen - fixer
( a ) A and B
( b ) C and D
( c ) B and C
( d ) B and D
4 . Which group of plant can grow in nitrogen deficient soil ?
( a ) lichens
( b ) gymnosperm
( c ) bryophytes
( d ) insectivorous
5 . Minerals are absorbed by a plant from the soil by process
( a ) independent of water absorption
( b ) dependent on water absorption
( c ) dependent on strength of solutions
( d ) dependent on osmosis
6 . Farmers in a particular region were concerned that pre - mature yellowing of leaves of a pulse crop might cause decrease in the yield . Which treatment could be most beneficial to obtain maximum seed yield ?
( a ) Application of iron and magnesium to promote synthesis of chlorophyll
( b ) Frequent irrigation of the crop
( c ) Treatment of the plants with cytokinins along with a small dose of nitrogenous fertilizer
( d ) Removal of all yellow leaves and spraying the remaining green leaves with 2 , 4 , 5 - trichloro phenoxy acetic acid
7 . The major portion of the dry weight of plants comprises of
( a ) nitrogen , phosphorus and potassium
( b ) calcium , magnesium and sulphur
( c ) carbon , nitrogen and hydrogen
( d ) carbon , hydrogen and oxygen .
8 . The deficiencies of micronutrients , not only affects growth of plants but also vital functions such as photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron flow . Among the list given below , which group of three elements shall affect most , both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport ?
( a ) Co , Ni , Mo
( b ) Ca , K , Na
( c ) Mn , Co , Ca
( d ) Cu , Mn , Fe
9 . Nitrogen fixation in root nodules of Alnus is brought about by
( a ) Frankia
( b ) Azorhizobium
( c ) Bradyrhizobium
( d ) Clostridium .
10. The function of leghaemoglobin during biological nitrogen fixation in root nodules of legumes is to
( a ) convert atmospheric N₂ to NH3
( b ) convert ammonia to nitrite
( c ) transport oxygen for activity of nitrogenase
( d ) protect nitrogenase from oxygen .
11. Which is essential for root hair growth ?
( a ) Zn
( b ) Ca
( c ) Mo
( d ) S
12. Which of the following formula describes nitrogen fixation ?
( a ) N₂ + 3H₂→ 2NH3
( b ) 2NH3 → N₂ + 3H₂
( c ) 2NH+4 + 2O₂ + 8e- → N₂ + 4H₂O
( d ) 2N₂ + glucose → 2 amino acids
13. Which of following mineral nutrients plays an important role in biological nitrogen fixation ?
( a ) zinc
( b ) iron
( c ) molybdenum
( d ) magnesium
14. Mg or Fe plays an important role in
( a ) opening and closing of stomata
( b ) chlorophyll formation
( c ) dissociation of chlorophyll
( d ) ascent of sap .
15. Which of the following is not essential macroelement for the growth of plants ?
( a ) N
( b ) Ca
( c ) Zn
( d ) K
16. Which of the following minerals needed for the activity of enzymes required for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoproteins ?
( a ) Mn
( b ) Mg
( c ) Cu
( d ) Mo
17. Chlorosis is produced in leaves due to deficiency of Fe , Mg , Mn , N or S. Of these essential elements those that are exclusive constituents of chlorophyll molecules are
( a ) Fe and S
( b ) N and S
( c ) Mg and S
( d ) Mg and N.
18. Appearance of brown spots surrounded by chlorotic veins is a prominent toxicity symptom of
( a ) Mn
( b ) Mo
( c ) Mg
( d ) Zn .
19. Plants required which one of the following for the formation of ATP ?
( a ) N , Ca
( b ) N , P
( c ) N , Cu
( d ) K.
20. The macronutrient which is an essential component of all organic compounds , yet not obtained by plants from soil , is
( a ) nitrogen
( b ) carbon
( c ) phosphorous
( d ) magnesium .
21. The component of nitrogenase & nitrogen reductase is
( a ) N
( b ) Mo
( c ) CO
( d ) no specific component
22. Which one of the following is not the correct statement ?
( a ) Nitrogen deficiency symptoms first appear in younger leaves .
( b ) Phosphorous is a structural component of cellular energy currency .
( c ) The ionic concentration of potassium in guard cells regulates stomatal movement .
( d ) Cytochrome c is a copper containing protein
23. The deficiency of this micro - nutrient results in little leaf disease
( a ) copper
( b ) zinc
( c ) boron
( d ) iron .
24. Nitrates are converted to nitrogen
( a ) nitrogen fixing bacteria
( b ) ammonification bacteria
( c ) denitrifying bacteria
( d ) nitrifying bacteria .
25. Which of the following is the importance of molybdenum in plant metabolism ?
( a ) carbon assimilation
( b ) plant breeding
( c ) nitrate reduction
( d ) chromosome contraction
26. Nitrite is converted to nitrate by
( a ) Nitrosomonas
( b ) Nitrobacter
( c ) Pseudomonas
( d ) Clostridium
27. Which one of the following is not a microelement for plants ?
( a ) Cu
( b ) B
( c ) Zn
( d ) Cr
28. Which of these elements are very useful in photosynthesis ?
( a ) Cu , Co , Fe
( b ) Cu , Mo , Zn
( c ) Mg , Co , Mn
( d ) Mg , Fe , Mn , Cu , Cl , P
29. Which one of the following elements is not remobilised in leaf ?
( a ) Nitrogen
( b ) Phosphorus
( c ) Potassium
( d ) Calcium
30. Which of the following is the function of nitrifying bacteria ?
( a ) oxidise NH3 to NO3-
( b ) converts NO3- to NH3
( c ) oxidise NH3 to NH4
( d ) converts NO3- to N₂
31. Necrosis , or death of tissue particularly leaf tissue , is due to the deficiency of
( a ) N , K , S
( b ) N , K , Mg and Fe
( c ) Mn , Zn and Mo
( d ) Ca , Mg , Cu and K
32. Which one of the following helps in absorption of phosphorus from soil by plants ?
( a ) Glomus
( b ) Rhizobium
( c ) Frankia
( d ) Anabaena
33. Which of the following minerals activate the enzymes involved in respiration ? ( a ) Nitrogen and phosphorus
( b ) Magnesium and manganese
( c ) Potassium and calcium
( d ) Sulphur and iron
34. Read the following four statements ( A - D ) .
( A ) Klebsiella and Clostridium are saprophytic bacteria that perform nitrogen fixation .
( B ) Rhizobium is nitrogen fixing bacterial symbiont of papilionaceous group .
( C ) Frankia lives free as aerobe in the soil but is unable to fix nitrogen in free living state .
( D ) Symbiotic nitrogen fixers occur in free - living state also in soil .
How many of the above statements are right ?
( a ) Two
( b ) Three
( c ) Four
( d ) One
35. One mineral activates the enzyme catalase and the other is a constituent of the ring structure of chlorophyll . These minerals are respectively
( a ) iron and magnesium
( b ) iron and manganese
( c ) magnesium and manganese
( d ) calcium and magnesium .
36. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
( a ) Passive transport of nutrients - ATP
( b ) Apoplast - Plasmodesmata
( c ) Potassium - Readily immobilisation
( d ) Bakane disease of rice seedlings - F. Skoog
37. Which one of the following is a free - living obligate anaerobic bacteria ?
( a ) Clostridium
( b ) Rhodospirillum
( c ) Azotobacter
( d ) Bacillus subtilis
38. Source of mineral nutrients is
( a ) soil
( b ) minerals obtained from rocks
( c ) both ( a ) and ( b )
( d ) none of these .
39. The deficiency of which of these essential elements results in interveinal chlorosis in older leaves ?
( a ) Mg
( b ) Ca
( c ) N
( d ) S
40. Deficiency of chlorine in plants causes
( a ) stunted growth
( b ) necrosis
( c ) wilting
( d ) all of these .
41. Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below .
Column I ( Deficient elements ) Column II ( Deficiency symptoms )
( A ) Calcium ( i ) Necrosis of leaf tissue
( B ) Magnesium ( ii ) Moltted interveinal chlorosis appear first in older leaves
( C ) Potassium ( iii ) Delay in flowering
( D ) Molybdenum ( iv ) Purple anthocyanin pigmentation appear first in older leaves
A B C D
( a ) ( i ) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv )
( b ) ( iv ) ( iii ) ( ii ) ( i )
( c ) ( i ) ( iii ) ( ii ) ( iv )
( d ) ( i ) ( iv ) ( ii ) ( iii )
42. Find out the correctly matched pair .
Nutrients Functions
( a ) Zinc - Helps to maintain the ribosome structure
( b ) Magnesium - Needed during the formation of mitotic spindle
( c ) Calcium - Plays a role in the opening and closing of stomata
( d ) Manganese - Needed in the splitting of water to liberate oxygen during photosynthesis
43. Match the column I with II and select the correct answer from the codes given below
Column - I Column - II
A. Necrosis I . Falling of seedling on the ground
B. Mosaics II . Death and discolouration of tissue
C. Damping off III . Discolouration , softening and degeneration of a succulent tissues
( b ) N , K , Mg and Fe
( c ) Mn , Zn and Mo
( d ) Ca , Mg , Cu and K
32. Which one of the following helps in absorption of phosphorus from soil by plants ?
( a ) Glomus
( b ) Rhizobium
( c ) Frankia
( d ) Anabaena
33. Which of the following minerals activate the enzymes involved in respiration ? ( a ) Nitrogen and phosphorus
( b ) Magnesium and manganese
( c ) Potassium and calcium
( d ) Sulphur and iron
34. Read the following four statements ( A - D ) .
( A ) Klebsiella and Clostridium are saprophytic bacteria that perform nitrogen fixation .
( B ) Rhizobium is nitrogen fixing bacterial symbiont of papilionaceous group .
( C ) Frankia lives free as aerobe in the soil but is unable to fix nitrogen in free living state .
( D ) Symbiotic nitrogen fixers occur in free - living state also in soil .
How many of the above statements are right ?
( a ) Two
( b ) Three
( c ) Four
( d ) One
35. One mineral activates the enzyme catalase and the other is a constituent of the ring structure of chlorophyll . These minerals are respectively
( a ) iron and magnesium
( b ) iron and manganese
( c ) magnesium and manganese
( d ) calcium and magnesium .
36. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
( a ) Passive transport of nutrients - ATP
( b ) Apoplast - Plasmodesmata
( c ) Potassium - Readily immobilisation
( d ) Bakane disease of rice seedlings - F. Skoog
37. Which one of the following is a free - living obligate anaerobic bacteria ?
( a ) Clostridium
( b ) Rhodospirillum
( c ) Azotobacter
( d ) Bacillus subtilis
38. Source of mineral nutrients is
( a ) soil
( b ) minerals obtained from rocks
( c ) both ( a ) and ( b )
( d ) none of these .
39. The deficiency of which of these essential elements results in interveinal chlorosis in older leaves ?
( a ) Mg
( b ) Ca
( c ) N
( d ) S
40. Deficiency of chlorine in plants causes
( a ) stunted growth
( b ) necrosis
( c ) wilting
( d ) all of these .
41. Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below .
Column I ( Deficient elements ) Column II ( Deficiency symptoms )
( A ) Calcium ( i ) Necrosis of leaf tissue
( B ) Magnesium ( ii ) Moltted interveinal chlorosis appear first in older leaves
( C ) Potassium ( iii ) Delay in flowering
( D ) Molybdenum ( iv ) Purple anthocyanin pigmentation appear first in older leaves
A B C D
( a ) ( i ) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv )
( b ) ( iv ) ( iii ) ( ii ) ( i )
( c ) ( i ) ( iii ) ( ii ) ( iv )
( d ) ( i ) ( iv ) ( ii ) ( iii )
42. Find out the correctly matched pair .
Nutrients Functions
( a ) Zinc - Helps to maintain the ribosome structure
( b ) Magnesium - Needed during the formation of mitotic spindle
( c ) Calcium - Plays a role in the opening and closing of stomata
( d ) Manganese - Needed in the splitting of water to liberate oxygen during photosynthesis
43. Match the column I with II and select the correct answer from the codes given below
Column - I Column - II
A. Necrosis I . Falling of seedling on the ground
B. Mosaics II . Death and discolouration of tissue
C. Damping off III . Discolouration , softening and degeneration of a succulent tissues
D. Rots IV . intermingled patches of green and yellow colouration
( a ) A - II , B - IV , C - I , D - III
( b ) A - IV , B - II , C - III , D - I
( c ) A - I , B - III , C - II , D - IV
( d ) A - III , B - II , C - IV , D - I
44. The following reaction represents one of the methods for synthesis of amino acids during nitrogen assimilation . What is the reaction called ?
Glutamic acid + Oxaloacetic acid Glutamate transferase Amino transferase α - Ketoglutaric acid + Aspartic acid
( a ) Reductive amination
( b ) Catalytic amidation
( c ) Transamination
( d ) Nitrification
45. Which of the following is correct set of micronutrients for plants ?
( a ) Mg , Si Fe , Cu,Ca
( b ) Cu , Fe , Zn , B , Mn
( c ) Mg , Fe , Zn , B , Mn
( d ) Mo , Zn , Cl , Mg , Ca
( a ) A - II , B - IV , C - I , D - III
( b ) A - IV , B - II , C - III , D - I
( c ) A - I , B - III , C - II , D - IV
( d ) A - III , B - II , C - IV , D - I
44. The following reaction represents one of the methods for synthesis of amino acids during nitrogen assimilation . What is the reaction called ?
Glutamic acid + Oxaloacetic acid Glutamate transferase Amino transferase α - Ketoglutaric acid + Aspartic acid
( a ) Reductive amination
( b ) Catalytic amidation
( c ) Transamination
( d ) Nitrification
45. Which of the following is correct set of micronutrients for plants ?
( a ) Mg , Si Fe , Cu,Ca
( b ) Cu , Fe , Zn , B , Mn
( c ) Mg , Fe , Zn , B , Mn
( d ) Mo , Zn , Cl , Mg , Ca
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Ans key
1. D, 2.B, 3.C, 4.D, 5.B, 6.C, 7.D, 8.D, 9.A, 10.D, 11.B, 12.A, 13.C, 14.B, 15.C, 16.A, 17.D, 18.A, 19.B, 20.B, 21.B, 22.D, 23.B, 24.C, 25.C, 26.B, 27.D, 28.D, 29.D, 30.A, 31.D, 32.A, 33.B, 34.B, 35.A, 36.C, 37.A, 38.C, 39.A, 40.D, 41.D, 42.D 43.A, 44.C, 45.B
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