Welcome NEET aspirants! In this article, we bring you 50 MCQs strictly based on NCERT Class 12 Chapter 3: Human Reproduction, This article is ideal for quick practice and strong revision. Let’s dive in!
1. Which of the following statements correctly defines the process of spermatogenesis in human males?
A. It refers to the transformation of spermatogonia into primary oocytes during embryonic development.
B. It includes only the mitotic division of spermatogonia into primary spermatocytes and ends before meiosis starts.
C. It is the process of formation of sperms from spermatogonia through a series of mitotic and meiotic divisions followed by differentiation.
D. It takes place in the fallopian tube and is triggered by FSH secretion during adolescence.
Answer: C
2. Which event occurs specifically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?
A. Rupture of the secondary follicle and release of the ovum in the fallopian tube.
B. Rapid multiplication of endometrial cells to form the stratum basalis layer.
C. Formation of corpus luteum from the ruptured Graafian follicle that secretes progesterone to maintain endometrial thickness.
D. Initiation of meiosis-II in primary oocytes leading to formation of secondary polar bodies.
Answer: C
3. What is the function of acrosome present in the human sperm?
A. To provide energy for sperm motility using enzymes stored in the mid-piece.
B. To protect the head of sperm from damage by cervical fluids.
C. To release hydrolytic enzymes that help in penetration through zona pellucida of the ovum.
D. To allow implantation of sperm in the uterus lining by secreting luteinizing hormones.
Answer: C
4. Identify the correct sequence of stages during the development of a mature Graafian follicle.
A. Primary follicle → Secondary follicle → Tertiary follicle → Graafian follicle
B. Tertiary follicle → Primary follicle → Secondary follicle → Graafian follicle
C. Primary oocyte → Primary follicle → Graafian follicle → Secondary follicle
D. Secondary follicle → Primary follicle → Graafian follicle → Corpus luteum
Answer: A
5. The role of LH surge during the menstrual cycle is to:
A. Prevent ovulation by increasing estrogen levels in the luteal phase.
B. Trigger ovulation by causing the rupture of mature Graafian follicle.
C. Stimulate the uterus lining to release the embryo into the fallopian tube.
D. Maintain the corpus luteum and suppress GnRH secretion.
Answer: B
6. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched with their function in human reproduction?
A. Sertoli cells – Produce testosterone to initiate ovulation.
B. Leydig cells – Nourish sperms and form blood-testis barrier.
C. Endometrium – Inner lining of uterus where implantation occurs.
D. Acrosome – Middle part of sperm containing mitochondria for energy.
Answer: C
7. What happens to the levels of FSH and LH if fertilization does not occur in a menstrual cycle?
A. Their levels remain constant due to negative feedback from progesterone.
B. Their secretion stops permanently due to destruction of anterior pituitary.
C. Their levels increase rapidly to support secondary follicle development.
D. Their levels rise again as progesterone from corpus luteum declines.
Answer: D
8. Which statement best describes the process of implantation in human reproduction?
A. Entry of sperm into the ovum resulting in zygote formation.
B. Fusion of male and female pronuclei leading to cleavage.
C. Attachment of blastocyst to the endometrium on the 6th or 7th day after fertilization.
D. Migration of zygote to the ovary for further development.
Answer: C
9. The function of relaxin hormone during pregnancy is to:
A. Induce contractions of the myometrium during childbirth.
B. Suppress ovulation and enhance corpus luteum activity.
C. Relax pelvic ligaments and soften cervix for delivery.
D. Prevent formation of new Graafian follicles during pregnancy.
Answer: C
10. Which structure in male reproductive system contributes alkaline secretion to semen?
A. Epididymis – for storing and maturing sperm.
B. Bulbourethral gland – for adding fructose to semen.
C. Seminal vesicle – for secreting acidic solution to reduce pH.
D. Prostate gland – for secreting alkaline fluid that activates sperm motility.
Answer: D
11. Which event occurs in the ampullary-isthmic junction of the fallopian tube?
A. Cleavage of the zygote into multiple blastomeres takes place.
B. Final maturation of the primary oocyte into an ovum.
C. Fertilization of the ovum by the sperm usually occurs here.
D. Implantation of the blastocyst into the uterine wall takes place.
Answer: C
12. Which of the following statements about the placenta is correct?
A. Placenta is a temporary organ that allows excretion of fetal urine into maternal blood.
B. It connects the mother and fetus and serves as an endocrine tissue as well as a nutritive interface.
C. Placenta is derived only from maternal tissue and provides mechanical protection to the fetus.
D. It plays no hormonal role and functions only in respiratory exchange.
Answer: B
13. Which of the following events marks the beginning of the menstrual phase?
A. Rapid increase in LH secretion.
B. Degeneration of the corpus luteum and shedding of endometrium.
C. Ovulation and release of ovum from the ovary.
D. Implantation of blastocyst into endometrial lining.
Answer: B
14. Which among the following is a correct function of the epididymis in male reproductive system?
A. It produces fructose-rich secretion for nourishment of sperm.
B. It acts as the site for sperm storage and maturation.
C. It helps in ejaculation by pushing sperms into urethra.
D. It is the site where meiosis of spermatocytes occurs.
Answer: B
15. The hormone responsible for the milk ejection reflex during lactation is:
A. Progesterone – which stimulates mammary gland ducts to grow.
B. Prolactin – which triggers milk synthesis from alveolar cells.
C. Oxytocin – which causes contraction of smooth muscles around alveoli for milk release.
D. Estrogen – which maintains milk secretion through lobules of mammary glands.
Answer: C
16. The zona pellucida of the ovum functions primarily to:
A. Provide nutrients to the oocyte during meiosis.
B. Facilitate implantation of the embryo in the uterus.
C. Prevent polyspermy after the first sperm penetrates the ovum.
D. Act as a protective outer membrane around blastocyst during gestation.
Answer: C
17. Which hormones maintain pregnancy by suppressing uterine contractions and maintaining endometrial lining?
A. FSH and LH
B. Prolactin and oxytocin
C. Estrogen and progesterone
D. Relaxin and GnRH
Answer: C
18. Which event occurs immediately after fertilization in human females?
A. Implantation of zygote into the uterine wall.
B. Fusion of male and female gamete nuclei forming diploid zygote.
C. Shedding of uterine lining due to hormonal drop.
D. Secretion of HCG by maternal blood vessels.
Answer: B
19. The functional layer of the endometrium that is shed during menstruation is called:
A. Stratum basalis – which regenerates each cycle.
B. Stratum germinativum – which helps in ovum maturation.
C. Stratum functionalis – which thickens and is shed if no implantation occurs.
D. Stratum granulosum – which forms corpus luteum.
Answer: C
20. Cleavage is best described as:
A. Enlargement of the zygote into a blastocyst.
B. Rapid mitotic divisions of the zygote without cell growth.
C. The fusion of sperm and ovum to form diploid zygote.
D. Differentiation of embryonic cells into germ layers.
Answer: B
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21. Which component of the male reproductive system is common to both reproductive and urinary systems?
A. Vas deferens – which transports sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct.
B. Urethra – which serves as a passage for both urine and semen.
C. Bulbourethral gland – which secretes alkaline mucus for sperm protection.
D. Prostate gland – which helps in ejaculation and stores urine.
Answer: B
22. In females, the secondary oocyte completes meiosis-II only when:
A. Ovulation occurs after LH surge.
B. The secondary follicle matures into Graafian follicle.
C. Fertilization by a sperm occurs in the fallopian tube.
D. The embryo reaches the uterus and begins implantation.
Answer: C
23. Which part of sperm contains enzymes essential for fertilization?
A. Tail – for motility in female reproductive tract.
B. Neck – for connecting head and middle piece.
C. Acrosome – for releasing hyaluronidase and proteases.
D. Nucleus – for delivering genetic material to ovum.
Answer: C
24. The chorionic villi in the placenta function primarily to:
A. Provide a structural boundary for the developing embryo.
B. Act as storage sites for hormones like progesterone.
C. Facilitate exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste between mother and fetus.
D. Secrete enzymes for the digestion of amniotic fluid.
Answer: C
25. Which of the following describes parturition accurately?
A. Initiation of ovulation in female reproductive cycle.
B. Rupture of amnion and loss of uterine fluid in menstruation.
C. Expulsion of fully developed fetus from mother’s uterus at end of gestation.
D. Implantation of fertilized egg in endometrium.
Answer: C
26. Human gestation period is generally around:
A. 180 days
B. 240 days
C. 280 days
D. 360 days
Answer: C
27. The function of hCG during early pregnancy is to:
A. Promote milk secretion after delivery.
B. Stimulate the corpus luteum to continue progesterone secretion.
C. Inhibit uterine contractions during implantation.
D. Prepare mammary glands for lactation.
Answer: B
28. Which female reproductive organ receives the ovum after ovulation?
A. Vagina
B. Cervix
C. Fallopian tube
D. Uterus
Answer: C
29. Which one of the following cells secrete androgens like testosterone?
A. Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule
B. Spermatogonia in the germinal epithelium
C. Leydig cells in the interstitial spaces of testes
D. Acrosomal cells in the head of sperm
Answer: C
30. The sperm tail is responsible for:
A. Secreting enzymes that help in ovum penetration.
B. Storing energy-rich nutrients for early embryonic growth.
C. Propelling sperm forward in female reproductive tract using flagellar movement.
D. Protecting sperm from cervical mucus by creating a lipid shield.
Answer: C
31. Which organ is NOT involved in the formation or transport of semen?
A. Vas deferens
B. Prostate gland
C. Fallopian tube
D. Seminal vesicle
Answer: C
32. Which structure protects the developing embryo from mechanical shocks?
A. Chorion
B. Amniotic fluid within the amnion
C. Placenta
D. Yolk sac
Answer: B
33. Which gland secretes prolactin to promote milk production?
A. Adrenal gland
B. Thyroid gland
C. Anterior pituitary gland
D. Hypothalamus
Answer: C
34. The hormone that triggers labor pain is:
A. Progesterone
B. Prolactin
C. Estrogen
D. Oxytocin
Answer: D
35. Fertilization in humans occurs in the:
A. Isthmus of fallopian tube
B. Infundibulum of fallopian tube
C. Uterus
D. Ampulla of fallopian tube
Answer: D
36. Which one prevents the entry of more than one sperm into an ovum?
A. Corona radiata
B. Zona pellucida
C. Vitelline membrane
D. Polar bodies
Answer: B
37. The primary function of colostrum is to:
A. Provide iron and vitamin D to the infant.
B. Act as a digestive enzyme for neonates.
C. Provide antibodies and nutrition to newborn.
D. Assist in uterine contraction post-delivery.
Answer: C
38. Which part of the female reproductive system is homologous to the testes in males?
A. Cervix
B. Clitoris
C. Ovary
D. Uterus
Answer: C
39. After ovulation, the empty follicle transforms into:
A. Corpus albicans
B. Corpus luteum
C. Primary oocyte
D. Secondary follicle
Answer: B
40. Which of the following structures is directly involved in nourishment of sperm in seminiferous tubules?
A. Leydig cells
B. Sertoli cells
C. Spermatogonia
D. Epididymis
Answer: B
41. The blood-testis barrier is formed by:
A. Basement membrane of seminiferous tubules
B. Endothelial cells of blood vessels
C. Tight junctions between Sertoli cells
D. Fibrous capsule around the testis
Answer: C
42. The uterus opens into the vagina through a narrow opening called:
A. Infundibulum
B. Cervix
C. Os pubis
D. Labia
Answer: B
43. Which hormone is secreted by trophoblast cells after implantation?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. HCG
D. GnRH
Answer: C
44. The second meiotic division in oogenesis is:
A. Completed before ovulation
B. Completed after fertilization
C. Not completed in humans
D. Completed during implantation
Answer: B
45. The corpus luteum secretes mainly:
A. FSH
B. LH
C. Progesterone
D. HCG
Answer: C
46. Which hormone initiates spermatogenesis in males at puberty?
A. Testosterone
B. LH
C. FSH
D. GnRH
Answer: C
47. The preputial fold in male reproductive system is also known as:
A. Glans penis
B. Scrotum
C. Prepuce
D. Tunica albuginea
Answer: C
48. What is the function of prostaglandins present in seminal fluid?
A. They dissolve cervical mucus for sperm penetration.
B. They help in implantation of zygote in uterus.
C. They cause reverse peristalsis in female tract to aid sperm movement.
D. They protect sperm DNA from immune cells.
Answer: C
49. The inner lining of uterus is called:
A. Perimetrium
B. Endometrium
C. Myometrium
D. Mesothelium
Answer: B
50. Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters in males?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. GnRH
D. Testosterone
Answer: D
Manish Mevada
Gujarat Biology NEET PLUS
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