Are you preparing for NEET and looking for Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom MCQs with challenging, NCERT-aligned, and time-consuming options? You're in the right place! This blog presents 50 handpicked MCQs designed specifically for NEET aspirants to boost retention and accuracy.

Each question tests core understanding from NCERT Class 11 Biology and trains you in solving lengthy, logic-based NEET questions.

📘 Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom – 50 NEET-Format MCQs

Q1. Which of the following correctly explains the difference between red algae and brown algae with respect to stored food and pigments?

a) Red algae store starch while brown algae store mannitol and have fucoxanthin giving them a red color.
b) Red algae store floridean starch and have phycoerythrin, whereas brown algae store mannitol and laminarin with fucoxanthin pigment.
c) Red algae have chlorophyll a and c, while brown algae lack chlorophyll completely.
d) Brown algae have phycobilins whereas red algae lack any such accessory pigments.

Q2. Which set of characteristics correctly applies to members of division Bryophyta?

a) Vascular tissues are well-developed; reproduction occurs only through seeds.
b) The plant body is fully differentiated into root, stem, and leaves with flowers present.
c) They depend on water for fertilization, show alternation of generations, and have thalloid or leafy gametophytes.
d) Sporophyte is independent, and gametophyte is parasitic in all bryophytes.

Q3. The dominant phase in the life cycle of pteridophytes is:

a) A haploid gametophyte that forms antheridia and archegonia which are dependent on the sporophyte.
b) A diploid sporophyte that produces spores via meiosis and is dominant and independent.
c) A haploid spore-producing body with a reduced gametophyte depending on flowers.
d) A gametophyte that alternates with a zygotic embryo, both of which are photosynthetic.

Q4. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding gymnosperms?

a) They produce naked seeds, usually on cones, and lack fruits.
b) They show vascular tissue differentiation and reproduce via both motile and non-motile sperms.
c) Gymnosperms like Cycas have motile sperms, while conifers do not.
d) They are heterosporous and have seeds enclosed inside ovary walls.

Q5. Which correctly differentiates angiosperms from gymnosperms?

a) Gymnosperms have enclosed ovules and double fertilization, while angiosperms have naked ovules.
b) Angiosperms are heterosporous, lack xylem vessels and have no flowers.
c) Angiosperms produce seeds within fruits, show double fertilization, and have endosperm formation.
d) Gymnosperms exhibit triple fusion and produce endospermic seeds enclosed by ovary.

Q6. In which group is the gametophyte stage dominant over the sporophyte in the plant life cycle?

a) Algae only
b) Pteridophytes
c) Gymnosperms
d) Bryophytes

Q7. Which of the following characteristics best defines chlorophyceae (green algae)?

a) They contain fucoxanthin, have cellulose and pectin in cell walls, and produce motile sperms only.
b) Chloroplasts are discoid, pigments include chlorophyll a and b, and they store food as starch in pyrenoids.
c) Their chloroplasts are ribbon-shaped, and their stored food is oil only.
d) They lack cell walls and store floridean starch as food material.

Q8. Which plant group requires water for the movement of male gametes to the female gametophyte?

a) Gymnosperms only
b) Angiosperms
c) Bryophytes and pteridophytes
d) Algae only

Q9. Which of the following correctly represents the progression in complexity from algae to angiosperms?

a) Algae → Gymnosperms → Bryophytes → Pteridophytes → Angiosperms
b) Algae → Bryophytes → Pteridophytes → Gymnosperms → Angiosperms
c) Angiosperms → Bryophytes → Algae → Gymnosperms
d) Algae → Angiosperms → Pteridophytes → Bryophytes → Gymnosperms

Q10. What is the correct difference between liverworts and mosses?

a) Liverworts have upright leafy gametophytes, whereas mosses have thalloid body with no sporophyte.
b) Mosses produce capsule and seta in sporophyte, while liverworts produce cone-like sporophytes.
c) Liverworts are mostly thalloid and contain elaters in their capsule, while mosses are leafy and have protonema stage.
d) Mosses are vascular, while liverworts lack vascular tissue and motile gametes.

Here is the complete article with all 50 NEET-format MCQs from NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 – Plant Kingdom, including long, analytical options, suitable for medium-difficulty NEET practice. This is structured exactly like a professional Google blog article.

🌿 50 NEET MCQs from Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom (With Answers) | NCERT Tough Practice Series

Looking to master the Plant Kingdom chapter from Class 11 NCERT Biology for NEET? You're in the right place. These 50 carefully crafted MCQs focus on logic, NCERT-line-level detail, and NEET-style reasoning. Ideal for testing your prep with time-consuming, concept-rich questions!

📘 Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom – NEET-Style MCQs (11 to 50)

Q11. The protonema stage in mosses is:

a) A diploid phase that develops into the sporophyte
b) A short-lived sporophytic stage with capsule
c) An early, filamentous, green, gametophytic phase developing from spores
d) A brown, root-like structure forming rhizoids for anchorage

Q12. Which pigment composition is unique to red algae and gives them their distinctive color?

a) Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and fucoxanthin
b) Chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, and xanthophyll
c) Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll d, and phycoerythrin
d) Chlorophyll b, fucoxanthin, and phycoerythrin

Q13. Which of the following is true about reproduction in algae?

a) Only vegetative and sexual reproduction occur in algae.
b) Algae reproduce asexually only via binary fission.
c) Reproduction in algae can be vegetative, asexual through spores, or sexual involving gametes.
d) Algae are known to reproduce exclusively through parthenogenesis in aquatic environments.

Q14. Which statement about pteridophytes is incorrect?

a) They are the first vascular cryptogams with xylem and phloem
b) Their gametophytes are always independent and photosynthetic
c) They exhibit heterospory in some species like Selaginella
d) Their reproductive cycle shows clear alternation of generations

Q15. Double fertilization, a unique feature of angiosperms, involves:

a) One male gamete fertilizing the ovule and another the egg cell
b) Fusion of one male gamete with the egg and another with two polar nuclei
c) Two sperm fertilizing two ovules of the same flower
d) Two female gametes fusing with a single male gamete forming triploid embryo

Q16. Which feature is common to gymnosperms and angiosperms but absent in pteridophytes?

a) Vascular tissue
b) Pollen tube formation and seed habit
c) Independent gametophyte
d) Photosynthetic sporophyte

Q17. Rhizoids found in bryophytes function as:

a) Reproductive organs for vegetative propagation
b) Pigment-producing structures that support gametophytes
c) Root-like structures anchoring the gametophyte to the substrate
d) Water-conducting cells for upward transport in sporophytes

Q18. In algae, isogamous reproduction involves:

a) Fusion of morphologically and physiologically different gametes
b) Formation of zygote through unequal gametes with unequal size
c) Fusion of morphologically similar gametes, such as in Spirogyra
d) Fertilization of gametes produced by sporophyte generation

Q19. In which plant group is the sporophyte completely dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition?

a) Algae
b) Gymnosperms
c) Bryophytes
d) Pteridophytes

Q20. What characteristic differentiates heterospory from homospory?

a) Heterospory occurs only in bryophytes, while homospory is exclusive to angiosperms
b) Heterospory involves two types of spores—microspores and megaspores, unlike homospory
c) Homospory produces male spores and heterospory produces female spores only
d) Heterospory refers to same-sized spores but different chromosomes

Q21. Which of the following algae is filamentous and shows isogamous reproduction?

a) Volvox
b) Spirogyra
c) Ulva
d) Polysiphonia

Q22. A distinct feature of brown algae (Phaeophyceae) includes:

a) Phycoerythrin pigment and cellulosic cell wall
b) Presence of fucoxanthin and laminarin as reserve food
c) Pyrenoids for starch storage and discoid chloroplasts
d) Conspicuous root, stem, and leaves for conduction

Q23. The term “alternation of generations” refers to:

a) Gametophyte producing gametes and sporophyte forming spores in cyclic succession
b) Presence of both male and female flowers on the same plant
c) Alternation between vegetative and reproductive phases of angiosperms
d) Formation of microspores and megaspores from different organs

Q24. In liverworts, sporophyte:

a) Is independent, branched, and vascular
b) Is photosynthetic and dominant in the life cycle
c) Depends entirely on gametophyte and remains attached
d) Exists temporarily during gamete formation

Q25. Which of the following statements is incorrect about algae?

a) Some algae are unicellular and motile
b) All algae reproduce only sexually and lack spores
c) Algae contribute to oxygen production in aquatic ecosystems
d) Algae serve as the base of aquatic food chains

Q26. Heterospory is a significant evolutionary step in plants because:

a) It promotes self-fertilization
b) It leads to seed formation by separating male and female spores
c) It eliminates the gametophyte stage
d) It allows vegetative reproduction in all species

Q27. Identify the plant group that is non-vascular, terrestrial, and requires water for fertilization:

a) Pteridophytes
b) Gymnosperms
c) Algae
d) Bryophytes

Q28. The gametophyte of fern is known as:

a) Antheridium
b) Prothallus
c) Sporophyll
d) Rhizome

Q29. The major difference in vascular tissue of angiosperms compared to gymnosperms is:

a) Presence of sieve tubes in gymnosperms only
b) Absence of xylem vessels in gymnosperms
c) Xylem and phloem absent in angiosperms
d) Both groups lack companion cells

Q30. Select the correct example of a heterosporous pteridophyte:

a) Lycopodium
b) Selaginella
c) Funaria
d) Marchantia

Q31. Which plant group has the simplest and most primitive life cycle?

a) Pteridophytes
b) Bryophytes
c) Algae
d) Angiosperms

Q32. Which statement is false about gymnosperms?

a) They include conifers like pine and spruce
b) Their seeds are enclosed in fruits
c) They are mostly evergreen and woody
d) They bear naked seeds directly on cones

Q33. Which class of algae is characterized by the presence of phycobilins?

a) Chlorophyceae
b) Phaeophyceae
c) Rhodophyceae
d) Xanthophyceae

Q34. Which statement best describes the structure of brown algae?

a) They are always microscopic and unicellular
b) They show the largest body among algae with holdfast, stipe, and blade
c) They store starch in chloroplasts and form flowers
d) They possess chlorophyll b and produce double fertilization

Q35. The red pigment phycoerythrin is efficient in absorbing:

a) Blue and red light
b) Yellow and orange light
c) Green and blue-green light
d) Green and violet light

Q36. Antheridia and archegonia in bryophytes are borne on:

a) Sporophyte generation
b) Thalloid structures of gametophyte
c) Rhizoids of sporophyte
d) Prothallus stage of pteridophytes

Q37. Match the following correctly:

A. Spirogyra – i. Isogamous
B. Fucus – ii. Oogamous
C. Ulothrix – iii. Anisogamous
a) A-i, B-iii, C-ii
b) A-i, B-ii, C-iii
c) A-ii, B-i, C-iii
d) A-iii, B-ii, C-i

Q38. In gymnosperms, pollination is:

a) Always water-mediated
b) Insect-mediated like in angiosperms
c) Usually wind-mediated and occurs before fertilization
d) Unnecessary as they reproduce asexually

Q39. Which of the following is absent in pteridophytes but present in gymnosperms and angiosperms?

a) Archegonia
b) Seeds
c) Spores
d) Roots

Q40. Algae are classified into major classes based on:

a) Reproductive structures
b) Pigments, cell wall composition, and stored food
c) Presence of roots and flowers
d) Chlorophyll content only

Q41. Which of these algae is used for agar extraction?

a) Chlamydomonas
b) Gracilaria
c) Volvox
d) Ulva

Q42. Which group includes motile male gametes and non-motile female gametes?

a) Algae and bryophytes only
b) Pteridophytes only
c) Bryophytes and pteridophytes
d) Only gymnosperms

Q43. Which characteristic is exclusive to angiosperms?

a) Pollen tube formation
b) Vascular tissues
c) Alternation of generations
d) Flowers and fruits with enclosed seeds

Q44. In rhodophyceae, male gametes are:

a) Motile and flagellated
b) Non-motile and depend on water current
c) Produced inside flowers
d) Produced by sporophyte

Q45. Which algae produces algin, an industrially important product?

a) Polysiphonia
b) Chara
c) Fucus
d) Spirogyra

Q46. Which group reproduces through gemmae as vegetative propagules?

a) Ferns
b) Liverworts like Marchantia
c) Brown algae
d) Conifers

Q47. “Seed habit” refers to:

a) Ability to reproduce only by spores
b) Formation of flowers and fruits
c) Retention of megaspore within megasporangium leading to seed formation
d) Gametophyte being independent of sporophyte

Q48. The product of triple fusion in angiosperms is:

a) Diploid embryo
b) Triploid endosperm
c) Haploid gametophyte
d) Diploid zygote

Q49. Which bryophyte has elaters for spore dispersal?

a) Riccia
b) Marchantia
c) Funaria
d) Anthoceros

Q50. The sporophyte in gymnosperms is:

a) Dependent on gametophyte
b) Reduced and microscopic
c) Dominant and independent
d) Absent in life cycle

✅ Answer Key – 50 NEET MCQs on Plant Kingdom

🔍 Final Tips for NEET Success in Plant Kingdom

Focus on life cycles, pigment types, reproductive structures, and NCERT examples.
Revise diagrams and charts given in NCERT. They’re commonly asked.
Practice lengthy questions like these to improve exam endurance and conceptual confidence.

Manish Mevada

Gujarat Biology NEET PLUS

50 NEET MCQs from Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 – Plant Kingdom (With Answers) | NCERT-Based Tough-Level Practice