Standard 11|Plant Kingdom |Chlorophyceae | Short Note For NEET BIOLOGY

 Chapter 3: Plant kingdom

Plant Kingdom |Chlorophyceae | Short Note For NEET BIOLOGY| standard 11

Three types of algae- 

1. Chlorophyceae – green algae

2. Pheophyceae – brown algae

3. Rhodophyceae – red algae 

• Chlorophyceae – chloro word from chlorophyll – green in color – members of chlorophyceae also called as Green algae

• Closest extant group of organisms to ancestral Bryophytes – they are similar to first developed Bryophytes

• Plant body

  
  

• Unicellular 

•  motile – Chlamydomonas

• Non-motile – Chlorella

  

  Chlamydomonas

• 
  Colonial – Volvox

  

  Volvox

• Filamentous

• Branched – Ulothrix, Spirogyra

  

  Ulothrix 

  

  Spirogyra

• Unbranched – Chladophora

• Umbrella shaped – Acetabularia (longest cell in plant- goes upto 10 cm)
  
  

• Chloroplast –

• Pigments in chloroplast- Chlorophyll a and b – imparts green color to the plant

• Chloroplast shape-

• 

  Types of chloroplast shape

• Discoid (disc like shape) – Chara

• Plate like

• Reticulate (net like shape)

• Cup shaped – Chlamydomonas , Volvox

• Spiral (DNA like shape) – Spirogyra 

• Ribbon shaped

• Girdle like – Ulothrix 

• Storage body in chloroplast- pyrenoid

• One or more pyrenoid can be present

• Protein core + starch molecule surrounding the core

• Some algae may store food in form of oil droplets

• Cell wall – 

• Rigid

• Inner layer – cellulose 

• Outer layer – pectose  (pectin)

• Vegetative reproduction

• Fragmentation

• By production of different types of spres

• Asexual reproduction

• By zoospores produced in zoosporangia (explained in video)

  

  Asexual reproduction in Chlamydomonas

• Sexual reproduction: can be of any type:

• Isogamous

• Anisogamous

• Oogamous

• Examples: Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Chara

  
  
  

Happy learning! 

Thank you

Urvi Bhanushali

Manish Mevada